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Once Alexander managed to escape from the camp, intending to assassinate Hitler. The first was the Rieucros Camp, where his mother contracted the tuberculosis which eventually caused her death and where Alexander managed to attend the local school, at Mende.
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He and his mother were then interned in various camps from 1940 to 1942 as "undesirable dangerous foreigners". Shortly afterwards his father was interned in Le Vernet. In May 1939, Grothendieck was put on a train in Hamburg for France. During this time, his parents took part in the Spanish Civil War, according to Winfried Scharlau, as non-combatant auxiliaries, though others state that Sascha fought in the anarchist militia. They left Grothendieck in the care of Wilhelm Heydorn, a Lutheran pastor and teacher in Hamburg. Grothendieck lived with his parents in Berlin until the end of 1933, when his father moved to Paris to evade Nazism, followed soon thereafter by his mother. At the time of his birth, Grothendieck's mother was married to the journalist Johannes Raddatz and his birth name was initially recorded as "Alexander Raddatz." The marriage was dissolved in 1929 and Schapiro/Tanaroff acknowledged his paternity, but never married Hanka. Both had broken away from their early backgrounds in their teens. His father, Alexander "Sascha" Schapiro (also known as Alexander Tanaroff), had Hasidic Jewish roots and had been imprisoned in Russia before moving to Germany in 1922, while his mother, Johanna "Hanka" Grothendieck, came from a German Protestant family in Hamburg and worked as a journalist. Grothendieck was born in Berlin to anarchist parents. 1.8 Retirement into reclusion and death.1.3 Studies and contact with research mathematics.In 1991, he moved to the French village of Lasserre in the Pyrenees, where he lived in seclusion, still working tirelessly on mathematics until his death in 2014. He later became professor at the University of Montpellier and, while still producing relevant mathematical work, he withdrew from the mathematical community and devoted himself to political and religious pursuits (first Buddhism and later a more Christian vision). He received his Fields Medal in 1966 for advances in algebraic geometry, homological algebra, and K-theory. In 1958, he was appointed a research professor at the Institut des hautes études scientifiques (IHÉS) and remained there until 1970, when, driven by personal and political convictions, he left following a dispute over military funding. Grothendieck began his productive and public career as a mathematician in 1949. As he consistently spelled his first name "Alexander" rather than "Alexandre" and his surname, taken from his mother, was the Dutch-like Low German "Grothendieck", he was sometimes mistakenly believed to be of Dutch origin. For much of his working life, however, he was, in effect, stateless. īorn in Germany, Grothendieck was raised and lived primarily in France, and he and his family were persecuted by the Nazi regime. He is considered by many to be the greatest mathematician of the 20th century. His research extended the scope of the field and added elements of commutative algebra, homological algebra, sheaf theory and category theory to its foundations, while his so-called "relative" perspective led to revolutionary advances in many areas of pure mathematics. Alexander Grothendieck ( / ˈ ɡ r oʊ t ən d iː k/ German: French: 28 March 1928 – 13 November 2014) was a mathematician who became the leading figure in the creation of modern algebraic geometry.